various items by truck, these were distributed by volunteers. SEA played an important role in distribution by implementing a token system, which ensured that all villagers received every item in an organized humane fashion. These tokens were distributed by a village committee and villagers were made to sit in groups for distribution; this was extremely effective in controlling crowds near the trucks and assisted in equal and timely distribution. Often government ministers and other private donors would not use this token system and chaos would make distribution ineffective. Furthermore, Dasra noticed that an equal amount of supplies were not in fact reaching those villages that were further away from the main road such as Pudu Kalpakkam; these villages which are more devastated still needed drinking water, clothes and food. We started working with SEA to ensure that all adopted villages were receiving adequate relief supplies immediately. Overall Assessment of Short Term Relief Efforts: Temporary relief has been improving over the past few weeks where most villages are receiving adequate supply. In fact, many are now turning away old clothes and duplicative supplies such as plastic buckets, mats and cooking utensils to other more needy villages. However, there is a concern that although there is enough food being supplied for the next few days, it may be insufficient over the next few months because the fishermen are not yet able to earn a living. Dasra is playing a key role in assisting with mobilizing resources over the next few months. For example, Dasra has been working with SEA to ensure that donated medicines are used for medical camps over the next four months; similarly other supplies are needed to be allocated over a longer time frame to ensure the survivors health and well being. Long Term Rehabilitation of the Villages Although temporary relief such as food, clothing, medicine and temporary shelters have been set up, no one has attempted to focus on longer term solutions such as fishermen livelihoods and children's education. This has been of great concern to the fishermen. Dasra organized a meeting with fishermen from the various cooperatives representing each of the 13 coastal villages on Sunday, January 2 nd , 2005. This was meant to be a forum to discuss their thoughts, experiences and future needs. It was the first time they had all met after the tsunami. There was overwhelming attendance with over 50 fishermen discussing their views and sharing their tragedies over the past few days. We discussed what long term rehabilitation they felt were needed. They strongly expressed that earning a livelihood by fishing and sending the children back to school are most important in terms of long term rehabilitation. Overall Assessment of Long Term Rehabilitation Needs: Since all household belongings were washed away, all of the children's school supplies were also destroyed or missing. Some government schools opened on January 3 rd , however, there are no children that are able to attend since they have no supplies. In our 13 target villages, there are over 1,311 children who are in need of school supplies such as notebooks, pencil boxes, school

 Item Cost per Item # of Items per child Total Notebooks Rs. 10 6 Rs. 60 Pencil Box Rs. 25 1 Rs. 25 Uniform Rs. 150 1 Rs. 150 School Bag Rs. 60 1 Rs. 60 Cost per Child Rs. 295 bags and uniforms at a total cost of Rs. 295 per child; this totals Rs. 3,86,745. The chart seen is an estimate for each item: In terms of the fishermen's livelihoods, fishing nets are a top priority followed by repairing of engines and boats. SEA performed an initial assessment of the 13 villages to assess damaged fishing equipment as well as missing boats, catamarans, engines and nets; this assessment was necessary in order to gain an understanding of the asset value lost by each fisherman family and hence the estimated replacement costs. During the fishermen meeting it was agreed that the minimum fishing net size needed to start fishing is 5 Kg and would cost approximately Rs. 350 per Kg. Therefore, if we consider that there are a total of 2,296 families and they each receive a 5Kg fishing net, then the total fishing net cost is Rs. 40,18,000 or US$100,000. The expected cost of each catamaran is Rs. 20,000 and fishing boat is Rs. 80,000. Engine repairs are estimated at Rs. 6,000- 8,000 per engine. Therefore, the overall costs of replacing fishing equipment are significant. The fishermen are confident that initially providing the fishing nets would create the much needed momentum to repair other equipment. There have been some rumours that the government may subsidize the purchasing of boats and catamarans, but this is not expected till initial relief efforts are provided. The fishermen were confident that they would share boats and repair the engines on their own to begin fishing within 10 days of the nets being provided. Below is a chart with each village and the fishing equipment that was damaged or destroyed: Name Boats Catamarans Engines Nets Total Missing Damaged Total Missing Damaged Total Total Missing Damaged Oyalikuppam 25 25 130 130 69 300 300 Pudupattinam 56 56 160 160 89 350 350 Venpurusham 19 19 25 3 22 28 156 6 150 Kokilamedu 10 10 40 40 46 256 256 Mamallapuram 37 37 85 85 110 360 360 Devaneri 27 27 49 49 48 340 340 Salavan Kuppam 1 1 12 12 6 30 30 Pudu Edaiyar 2 2 41 1 40 15 120 120 New Nemelli 4 4 38 38 15 140 140 Pattipulam 20 8 12 60 40 20 50 300 300 Kattu Kuppam 23 23 50 50 150 372 2 370 Nemelli Kuppam 20 20 30 30 30 300 300 Pudu Kalpakkam 36 36 26 26 50 343 4 339 Total 280 8 272 746 44 702 706 3,367 12 3,355 Networking, Fund Raising and Creating Awareness Dasra has also been playing an important role in ensuring that SEA is part of a larger NGO network that is providing both relief and rehabilitation to southern India. We have been working with the Chenna Tsunami Relief Committee and are coordinating our efforts with other NGO partners in the surrounding areas such as Jeeva Jyoti, RIDE, CRY, ACDS and ActionAid. Dasra has also been meeting with various Chennai based corporations to ensure their participation in terms of providing funds and other assistance such as transportation, wholesale purchasing etc. Dasra has been in discussions with Savera Hotels, IDFC, Lapiz Technologies and Orchid Chemicals.

In addition to networking with other NGOs and corporations Dasra has also been fundraising for SEA's 13 target villages. In this effort Dasra has already helped in raising funds of over $20,000 for medical relief and school supplies/uniforms for 1,311 children from established donor agencies including Global Fund for Children, American Jewish World Service, Vibha and Direct Relief International. That being said, over $100,000 is still needed to purchase a bare minimum 5 kg fishing net for each fisherman. Since Dasra was working closely on the ground in Tamil Nadu , there was a need to increase awareness of the effects of the Tsunami, the relief efforts thus far and an assessment of the overall situation. Dasra was interviewed on Larry King Live on Sunday, January 2 nd and on CNN International on Monday, January 3 rd . We mentioned the need for immediate relief to remote villages, however emphasized a stronger need to assist in the fishermen's livelihoods. “Give a man a fish and he will live a day..teach a man to fish and he will live a lifetime.” 1902 Challenger Tower I Thakur Village Kandivlai East Mumbai 400 101 (022) 2886 2889